Ukuthengisa okushisayo

I-PCB isifinyezo sebhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe ngesiNgisi. Amasekhethi aphrintiwe ajwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi amaphethini e-conductive enziwe ngamasekhethi aphrintiwe, izingxenye eziphrintiwe, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili, ngokusekelwe kumiklamo enqunywe kusengaphambili ezintweni zokuvikela. Iphethini yokuqhuba ehlinzeka ngoxhumano lukagesi phakathi kwezingxenye ku-substrate evikelayo ibizwa ngokuthi isekethe ephrintiwe. Ngale ndlela, izifunda eziphrintiwe noma amabhodi aqediwe amasekethe aphrintiwe abizwa ngokuthi amabhodi wesifunda aphrintiwe, aziwa nangokuthi amabhodi aphrintiwe noma amabhodi wesifunda aphrintiwe. Ku-PCB eyisisekelo kakhulu, izingxenye zigxilwe ngakolunye uhlangothi futhi izintambo zigxilwe ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ngenxa yokuthi izintambo zivela ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela, lolu hlobo lwe-PCB silubiza nge-PCB ehlangothini olulodwa. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-PCB anohlangothi olulodwa anemikhawulo eminingi eqinile ekwakhiweni kwesekethe, njengoba enohlangothi olulodwa kuphela, izintambo azikwazi ukuhlangana futhi kufanele zihanjiswe ngokuzimela.

I-Flexible PCB isetshenziswe kabanzi emakethe futhi isiwumkhiqizo obaluleke kakhulu embonini yezogesi. Ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene zama-PCB aguquguqukayo, njengamadivayisi agqokekayo, izitho zokwenziwa, amathuluzi ezokwelapha, amamojula e-RFID, njll. I-PCB eguquguqukayo eqinile ithatha indawo ye-PCB eqinile, eyenziwe ngezinto ze-PCB kodwa enezici ezigotshwayo. Inhlanganisela ye-PCB eqinile futhi eguquguqukayo isetshenziselwa kakhulu omakhalekhukhwini nemikhiqizo egqokekayo. Womabili ama-PCB avumelana nezimo futhi aqinile ahlinzeka ngemiklamo eqinile enokuvumelana nezimo okwengeziwe ukuhambisa noma ukunyakazisa izingxenye zomkhiqizo.

Ama-PCB aqinile aguquguqukayo angagotshwa, agoqwe, noma agoqwe, bese ahlanganiswe emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene. Banikeza ukusebenziseka kalula, ukuguquguquka, nokuhamba kwamadivayisi aphathekayo. Kubandakanya amakhadi okunweba namabhethri kumakhompyutha aphathekayo noma amakhompuyutha edeskithophu. I-PCB eguquguquka kancane ingagotshwa noma igotshwe, kodwa ayiguquguquki njengebhodi elihlanganisiwe eliguquguqukayo. Futhi ayisisombululo esisebenzayo sedivayisi ephathekayo ngoba ayidingi ukuxhumeka okuqinile ezindaweni ezinethrafikhi ephezulu yabahamba ngezinyawo, njengoba ingagoba ngaphandle kokuphuka noma ukuhlukana. Lokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi kuzongena ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene kwe-PCB eguquguqukayo eqinile kanye nomklamo we-PCB oguquguquka kancane.

Ibhodi Lesifunda Eliphrintiwe (PCB), elaziwa nangokuthi Ibhodi Lesifunda Eliphrintiwe noma Ibhodi Lesifunda Eliphrintiwe. Amabhodi aphrintiwe we-Multilayer abhekisela kumabhodi aphrintiwe anezendlalelo ezingaphezu kwezimbili, ezakhiwe izintambo ezixhumayo ezingqimbeni eziningana ze-insulating substrates nama-solder pads asetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa nokushisela izingxenye ze-electronic. Abagcini nje ngokuba nomsebenzi wokuqhuba izifunda zesendlalelo ngasinye, kodwa futhi banomsebenzi wokubambisana.

Ibhodi lezendlalelo eziningi ze-PCB libhekisela ebhodini lesekethe elinezingqimba eziningi elisetshenziswa emikhiqizweni kagesi, esebenzisa amabhodi ezintambo anezinhlangothi ezimbili ezengeziwe. Ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe elisebenzisa isendlalelo sangaphakathi esinezinhlangothi ezimbili, izendlalelo zangaphandle ezimbili ezinohlangothi olulodwa, noma izendlalelo zangaphakathi ezinohlangothi olukabili, nezingqimba ezimbili zangaphandle ezinohlangothi olulodwa, futhi luxhunywe nemifanekiso eqhubayo ngokwezidingo zedizayini ngokusebenzisa amasistimu wokumisa futhi insulating bonding materials, iba ungqimba ezine noma eziyisithupha ephrintiwe wesifunda ibhodi, eyaziwa nangokuthi multi-ungqimba ephrintiwe wesifunda ibhodi.

Isisekelo se-insulation sensimbi sakhiwe ungqimba oluyisisekelo lwensimbi, ungqimba olufakwa ngaphakathi, kanye nongqimba lwesekethe olugqoke ithusi. Kuyinsimbi yebhodi lesekethe yensimbi eyingxenye yezingxenye ezijwayelekile ze-elekthronikhi, ehlanganisa ungqimba olushisayo, ipuleti lensimbi, nefoyili yensimbi. Ine-conductivity kazibuthe ekhethekile, i-heat dissipation enhle kakhulu, amandla aphezulu emishini, nokusebenza okuhle kokucubungula.

I-substrate ye-insulation ye-metal yakhiwe ungqimba lwe-metal substrate, ungqimba lokufakwa kwe-insulation, kanye nongqimba lwesekethe olugqoke ithusi. Ungqimba olungaphezulu luyingqimba yesekethe ye-copper clad, ekuqaleni equkethe ungqimba lwethusi. Ngokwezidingo zokuxhunywa kukagesi, isekethe ingagqwala ibe yisekethe edingekayo. I-transistor core yamandla, i-chip control chip, njll. ingadayiswa ngokuqondile kungqimba lwesekethe ye-copper clad. Ukuze kube lula ukushisela nokuvimbela i-oxidation, i-solder pad ihlanganiswe ne-Ti, Pt, Cu, Au namanye amafilimu amancane egolide, anobukhulu obuyi-35, 50, 70105140 microns; Isendlalelo esimaphakathi siwungqimba ophakathi nendawo ovikelayo, ngokuvamile owenziwe ngendwangu yendwangu yengilazi ye-epoxy ene-thermal conductivity, i-epoxy resin, noma ifilimu ye-organic dielectric egcwele izinto zobumba. Ubukhulu bayo buhlukaniswe ngemininingwane emine: 50, 75, 100, 150 microns.

Ibhodi le-PCB eliyifrikhwensi ephezulu lisho uhlobo olukhethekile lwebhodi lesifunda elinefrikhwensi ephezulu kagesi, elisetshenziswa emkhakheni wefrikhwensi ephezulu (imvamisa enkulu kuno-300MHz noma ubude begagasi obungaphansi kwemitha elingu-1) kanye ne-microwave (imvamisa enkulu kuno-3GHz noma ubude begagasi obungaphansi kwamamitha angu-0.1) . Kuyibhodi lesifunda elikhiqizwe ebhodini le-microwave substrate yethusi lisebenzisa izinqubo ezithile zokukhiqiza ibhodi lesifunda eliqinile noma izindlela ezikhethekile zokucubungula.

Ingxenye ye-PCB yethusi esindayo iyingxenye ekhulayo yokukhiqiza kwethu. Ukuze sisekele le ngxenye ebalulekile, sakha ubudlelwano obunesikhathi eside nezimboni ezimbalwa ezikhethwe ngokucophelela enqubweni yethu yokufuna.

I-HDI PCB (i-High Density Interconnect PCB) iyibhodi lesifunda elixhumanisa abantu abaningi elisetshenziselwa ukuzuza ukuxhumana okwengeziwe nokuminyana okuphezulu endaweni elinganiselwe. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kumadivayisi kagesi ayinkimbinkimbi njengama-smartphone, amaphilisi, namakhompyutha.

Ibhodi lesifunda le-HDI PCB lamukela uchungechunge lobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuthuthukisiwe, obufana namasekhethi amancane, izimbobo ezingcwatshwe izimpumputhe, izimbangi ezishumekiwe, nokuxhumana kwama-interlayer. Lobu buchwepheshe buvumela ama-HDI PCBs ukuthi afinyelele ukuminyana okuphezulu kokuxhumeka kanye nemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi yesekethe ngamasayizi amancane uma kuqhathaniswa.

Ngenxa yenqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu kwamabhodi wesekethe we-HDI PCB, izindleko zokukhiqiza ze-HDI PCB ngokuvamile ziba phezulu uma ziqhathaniswa namabhodi esekethe avamile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-HDI PCB adinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi nemishini ethuthukisiwe ukuze kuzuzwe ukuminyana kwawo okuphezulu nokuba yinkimbinkimbi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuklanywa nokuhlelwa kwamabhodi wesekethe we-HDI PCB nakho kudinga izinsiza eziningi zonjiniyela kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka nokusebenza kwesekethe.

Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, izindleko zokukhiqiza zamabhodi wesifunda we-HDI PCB ziphakeme kunalezo zamabhodi wesifunda wendabuko. Nokho, izici ezithile ezithonya izindleko nazo zithonywa ezinye izici eziningi, njengenani elidingekayo lezendlalelo, ububanzi bomugqa/isikhala, izidingo zokuvula, njll.

I-FPC (Flexible Circuit Board) iwuhlobo lwe-PCB, eyaziwa nangokuthi "ibhodi elithambile". I-FPC yenziwe ngama-substrates aguquguqukayo njengefilimu ye-polyimide noma i-polyester, enezinzuzo zokuminyana kwezintambo eziphezulu, isisindo esilula, ukushuba okuzacile, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu. Ingakwazi ukumelana nezigidi zokugoba okuguquguqukayo ngaphandle kokulimaza izintambo, futhi inganyakaza futhi inwebe ngokuvumelana nezidingo zesakhiwo sendawo ukuze izuze ukuhlangana kwezinhlangothi ezintathu, ifinyelele ukuhlanganiswa kwengxenye yokuhlanganisa nokuxhumeka kwentambo. Inezinzuzo ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zamabhodi wesifunda azikwazi ukuqhathanisa.

I-FPC isetshenziswa kakhulu kumadivayisi azwelayo ayimishini ngoba ukuguquguquka kwayo kuvumela amabhodi wesekethe ukuthi amelane nokudlidliza. Ama-PCB aguqukayo ahlala isikhathi eside kunamabhodi esekethe endabuko, kodwa inqubo yawo yokukhiqiza ibucayi futhi iyinkimbinkimbi.

Ibhodi le-PCB elinamacala amabili liwuhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu lwebhodi le-PCB emakethe yebhodi lesifunda. Kunamabhodi e-PCB anezinhlangothi ezimbili anesisekelo sensimbi, ibhodi lesekethe le-Hi-Tg elisindayo le-foil yethusi, amabhodi e-PCB ayisicaba futhi asonteka kabili anamacele, amabhodi e-PCB anemvamisa ephezulu, amabhodi e-PCB anamacala amabili we-dielectric axutshwe imvamisa ephezulu, njll. ifanele izimboni eziningi zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ezifana nezokuxhumana, ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi, amakhompyutha, ukulawula izimboni, imikhiqizo yedijithali, amathuluzi esayensi nezemfundo, okokusebenza kwezokwelapha, izimoto, ukuvikela i-aerospace, njll.

Abasebenzisi abaningi bama-PCB bathola ama-PCB e-ceramic anenzuzo kunama-PCB endabuko enziwe ngezinye izinto. Le nzuzo iwukuthi ama-PCB e-ceramic ahlinzeka ngama-substrates afanelekile amasekhethi e-elekthronikhi ane-conductivity ephezulu ye-thermal kanye ne-coefficient ephansi yokunwetshwa kwe-thermal (CTE).

I-ceramic PCB iguquguquka ngokwedlulele futhi ingangena esikhundleni se-PCB yendabuko ephelele ngomklamo ongenzima kakhulu kanye nokusebenza okwandisiwe. Ungawasebenzisa emikhiqizweni eminingi, njengamasekhethi anamandla amakhulu, amamojula e-chip-on-board nezinzwa eziseduze.